Access to Internet Infrastructure is Essential, in Wartime and Peacetime

The Impact of Internet Shutdowns on Access to Information

The internet is an essential service that enables people to build communities, shed light on injustices, and acquire vital knowledge. Access to the internet becomes even more imperative in circumstances where communication and sharing real-time information are instrumental to personal safety and survival. During wartime and conflict, internet and phone services facilitate the communication of information between people in challenging situations, as well as the reporting of news by on-the-ground journalists and ordinary individuals.

Unfortunately, governments across the world are very aware of their power to cut off this crucial lifeline and frequently undertake targeted initiatives to do so. These internet shutdowns have become a blunt instrument that aid state violence, inhibit free speech, and are deployed in direct contravention of human rights and civil liberties.

Internet Shutdowns: A Global Phenomenon

Nearly twenty years after the world’s first total internet shutdowns, this draconian measure is no longer limited to authoritarian states but has become a favorite tool of a diverse set of governments across three continents. Here are some examples:

1. Iran

   The Iranian government has been suppressing internet access for many years. Following an activist movement that gained global attention after the death of Mahsa Amini, the Iranian government banned social media and sometimes cut off internet access altogether to control the public narrative and organizing efforts.

2. Sudan

   Authorities in Sudan enacted a total telecommunications blackout during a massive conflict and displacement crisis. This blackout prevents the flow of information that brings visibility to the crisis and hinders humanitarian aid. A global campaign called #KeepItOn has formed to pressure the Sudanese government to restore access to vital services.

3. Palestine

   The Israeli government exercises near-total control over both wired internet and mobile phone infrastructure in Palestine. Palestinians in Gaza have experienced repeated internet blackouts inflicted by the Israeli authorities, often amid crackdowns on digital rights and accusations of bias and unwarranted censorship by social media platforms.

Given that all of the internet cables connecting Gaza to the outside world go through Israel, the Israeli Ministry of Communications has the ability to cut off Palestinians’ access with ease. This control over internet infrastructure raises concerns about the ability of millions of people to communicate, access information, and ensure their safety.

The Importance of Protecting Internet Access

Access to internet infrastructure is essential, both in wartime and peacetime. The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) emphasize the importance of ensuring universal access to information and communication technologies. Internet shutdowns hinder residents’ ability to access and share resources and information, as well as the ability of residents and journalists to document and call attention to situations on the ground. It is imperative that people’s access to the internet remains protected, regardless of how user platforms and internet companies transform over time.

SDGs, Targets, and Indicators

1. Which SDGs are addressed or connected to the issues highlighted in the article?

• SDG 16: Peace, Justice, and Strong Institutions
• SDG 9: Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure
• SDG 10: Reduced Inequalities

2. What specific targets under those SDGs can be identified based on the article’s content?

• SDG 16.10: Ensure public access to information and protect fundamental freedoms, in accordance with national legislation and international agreements.
• SDG 9.C: Significantly increase access to information and communications technology and strive to provide universal and affordable access to the internet in least developed countries by 2020.
• SDG 10.6: Ensure enhanced representation and voice for developing countries in decision-making in global international economic and financial institutions in order to deliver more effective, credible, accountable, and legitimate institutions.

3. Are there any indicators mentioned or implied in the article that can be used to measure progress towards the identified targets?

• Indicator for SDG 16.10: Number of verified cases of violations of freedom of expression and the right to information.
• Indicator for SDG 9.C: Percentage of individuals using the internet.
• Indicator for SDG 10.6: Proportion of members and voting rights of developing countries in international organizations.

4. Table: SDGs, Targets, and Indicators

Based on the article, the issues discussed are connected to SDG 16, which focuses on peace, justice, and strong institutions. The article highlights how internet shutdowns hinder freedom of expression and access to information, which are fundamental freedoms protected by SDG 16. Additionally, SDG 9 is relevant as it emphasizes the need for universal and affordable access to the internet. Lastly, SDG 10 is connected to the article’s content as it addresses the importance of ensuring enhanced representation and voice for developing countries in decision-making processes.

The specific targets identified based on the article’s content are SDG 16.10, SDG 9.C, and SDG 10.6. SDG 16.10 aims to ensure public access to information and protect fundamental freedoms, SDG 9.C focuses on increasing access to information and communications technology, and SDG 10.6 emphasizes enhanced representation and voice for developing countries in decision-making processes.

The article mentions or implies indicators that can be used to measure progress towards the identified targets. For SDG 16.10, the indicator is the number of verified cases of violations of freedom of expression and the right to information. For SDG 9.C, the indicator is the percentage of individuals using the internet. Lastly, for SDG 10.6, the indicator is the proportion of members and voting rights of developing countries in international organizations.

Behold! This splendid article springs forth from the wellspring of knowledge, shaped by a wondrous proprietary AI technology that delved into a vast ocean of data, illuminating the path towards the Sustainable Development Goals. Remember that all rights are reserved by SDG Investors LLC, empowering us to champion progress together.

Source: eff.org

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