Frontiers | Study on the ecosystem service flow based on the relationship of between supply and demand in Yangtze River Economic Belt
Study on the ecosystem service flow based on the relationship of between supply and demand in Yangtze River Economic Belt Frontiers
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ORIGINAL RESEARCH article
Front. Earth Sci.
Sec. Geoscience and Society
Volume 12 – 2024 | doi: 10.3389/feart.2024.1432037
This article is part of the Research Topic
Gross Ecosystem Product: Valuation of Nature’s Contribution to Human Well-Being
Provisionally accepted
- 1 Chinese Academy for Environmental Planning, Beijing, China
- 2 Beijing Normal University, Beijing, Beijing Municipality, China
Ecosystems supply goods and services to humans and are the basis for sustainable development of human society. The study of the supply of ecosystem services and the demand and consumption of ecosystem services by human society, and the analysis of the supply and demand characteristics and flow relationships of ecosystem service flows are of great significance for the management of regional ecosystems and the development of ecological compensation.
Taking the Yangtze River Economic Belt as an example, this paper calculates the supply and demand indices of ecosystem services in 2015 and 2020, and determines the ecosystem spatial flow paths and flow volumes from the ecosystem supply area to the demand area based on various methods and models such as the minimum cumulative resistance (MCR) model and distance decay model.
The results indicate that:
- In 2015 and 2020, the supply and demand of ecosystem services in the Yangtze River Economic Zone show an increasing trend numerically, and there is spatial heterogeneity in the spatial distribution. In terms of ecosystem service supply per unit area, the midstream region is higher than the upstream and downstream regions. In terms of the demand for ecosystem services per unit area, the downstream is higher than the midstream and upstream.
- From the supply-demand balance of ecosystem services in the Yangtze River Economic Zone, the midstream region is mainly the area of surplus supply of ecosystem services, and the downstream region is mainly the area of deficit supply. From 2015 to 2020, the number of areas with balanced supply and demand of ecosystem services in the Yangtze River Economic Belt decreases and the number of areas with unbalanced supply and demand increases, which is related to the changes in the level of economic development and land use patterns.
- The flow of ecosystem services in the Yangtze River Economic Belt shows an increasing trend, from 726.59 billion yuan in 2015 to 1,450.54 billion yuan in 2020, with Jiangxi Province being the main ecosystem service supply area and Zhejiang Province being the main ecosystem service demand area in the Yangtze River Economic Belt.
Keywords:
Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ecosystem service values (ESVs), Supply and demand relationship, Ecosystem service flow, Ecological compensation
Received: 13 May 2024; Accepted: 23 Sep 2024.
© 2024 Lei, Ma, Yu, Tang, Yang, Zhou and Peng. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence: Guoxia Ma, Chinese Academy for Environmental Planning, Beijing, China
Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.
SDGs, Targets, and Indicators Analysis
1. Which SDGs are addressed or connected to the issues highlighted in the article?
- SDG 15: Life on Land
- SDG 11: Sustainable Cities and Communities
- SDG 14: Life Below Water
The article discusses the supply and demand of ecosystem services, the management of regional ecosystems, and the development of ecological compensation. These topics are directly related to SDG 15, which aims to protect, restore, and promote sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems. The article also mentions the Yangtze River Economic Belt, which is an urbanized area, connecting it to SDG 11, which focuses on making cities inclusive, safe, resilient, and sustainable. Additionally, the article mentions the flow of ecosystem services in the Yangtze River, connecting it to SDG 14, which aims to conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas, and marine resources.
2. What specific targets under those SDGs can be identified based on the article’s content?
- SDG 15.1: By 2020, ensure the conservation, restoration, and sustainable use of terrestrial and inland freshwater ecosystems and their services.
- SDG 11.3: By 2030, enhance inclusive and sustainable urbanization and capacity for participatory, integrated, and sustainable human settlement planning and management in all countries.
- SDG 14.2: By 2020, sustainably manage and protect marine and coastal ecosystems to avoid significant adverse impacts, including by strengthening their resilience, and take action for their restoration to achieve healthy and productive oceans.
The article discusses the supply and demand of ecosystem services, which aligns with SDG 15.1. It also mentions the management of regional ecosystems and the development of ecological compensation, which are relevant to SDG 11.3. Additionally, the article mentions the flow of ecosystem services in the Yangtze River, connecting it to SDG 14.2.
3. Are there any indicators mentioned or implied in the article that can be used to measure progress towards the identified targets?
- Supply and demand indices of ecosystem services
- Ecosystem spatial flow paths and flow volumes
- Supply-demand balance of ecosystem services
The article mentions the calculation of supply and demand indices of ecosystem services, which can be used as indicators to measure progress towards SDG 15.1. It also discusses the determination of ecosystem spatial flow paths and flow volumes, which can be used as indicators to measure progress towards SDG 14.2. Additionally, the article analyzes the supply-demand balance of ecosystem services, which can be used as an indicator to measure progress towards SDG 11.3.
Table: SDGs, Targets, and Indicators
| SDGs | Targets | Indicators |
|---|---|---|
| SDG 15: Life on Land | 15.1: By 2020, ensure the conservation, restoration, and sustainable use of terrestrial and inland freshwater ecosystems and their services. | Supply and demand indices of ecosystem services |
| SDG 11: Sustainable Cities and Communities | 11.3: By 2030, enhance inclusive and sustainable urbanization and capacity for participatory, integrated, and sustainable human settlement planning and management in all countries. | Supply-demand balance of ecosystem services |
| SDG 14: Life Below Water | 14.2: By 2020, sustainably manage and protect marine and coastal ecosystems to avoid significant adverse impacts, including by strengthening their resilience, and take action for their restoration to achieve healthy and productive oceans. | Ecosystem spatial flow paths and flow volumes |
Source: frontiersin.org
