GOP Senators Push for Child Labor Bills in Rare Bipartisan Move
GOP Senators Push for Child Labor Bills in Rare Bipartisan Move Bloomberg Law
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Sustainable Development Goals and Child Labor Violations
Senate Republicans are pushing a range of new bills designed to address the growing problem of child labor violations, as US Department of Labor data show a near 50% increase in children working illegally in the US in 2023.
Bipartisan Efforts to Combat Child Labor
Several GOP senators have signed on to measures along with Democrats, from raising penalties for infractions to giving the DOL more time to halt goods made by illegal child labor.
“I think when the Department of Labor sees us, with bipartisan legislation like this, it’s a signal to them that we are watching you, we do know there’s a problem,” Sen. Roger Marshall (R-Kan.) said in an interview with Bloomberg Law.
The recent bills show there may be growing bipartisan momentum for child labor legislation, even if Republicans tend to favor narrower changes than what many advocates and Democrats are seeking. But even with the cooperation across the aisle in the Senate, Congress’ packed legislative agenda, a lack of House Republican interest in the bills, and the historical difficulties of modifying US labor laws will create roadblocks to meaningful change.
Rising Child Labor Violations and Enforcement Challenges
Child labor violations have been on the rise for the past few years, and the DOL has bumped up its enforcement capabilities. But the administration has said it needs more funding to really crack down on the issue.
Lawmakers—primarily Democrats—have proposed changes to the Fair Labor Standards Act that governs most child labor restrictions. The bills have ranged in reach, with some more comprehensive than others.
There’s only so much the administration can do without action from Congress, said Catherine L. Fisk, professor of labor and employment law at University of California, Berkeley Law.
Expanding the liability chain for businesses that have illegal child labor present in their supply chains would be the best way to tackle the crisis, she said.
“It would create an incentive for companies to ensure that no children are working in hazardous jobs or at hours that have been prohibited by law for a century,” Fisk said. “It’s important both to raise the penalty and to have entities with direct or indirect control over the facility to be liable for them.”
Expanding the Liability Chain
Sen. Bob Casey (D-Pa.) recently introduced legislation that would do as much, holding contractors and subcontractors liable for child labor violations in the same manner as the employer. The idea has so far mostly failed to gain bipartisan support.
However, bipartisan legislation by Sens. Cory Booker (D-N.J.) and Josh Hawley (R-Mo.) appears to have more momentum. It would require companies competing for contracts with federal agencies to disclose child labor infractions by the company itself as well as by any of its contractors over the preceding three years.
The bill would also require the labor secretary to prepare a list of companies ineligible for federal contracts based on repeated or serious violations.
“These corporations are happy to have child labor because it’s cheap,” said Hawley. He expects his bill to be marked up in committee by the end of the year, he said.
Tyson, as well as another meatpacking giant Perdue Farms Inc., have been under the close scrutiny of the DOL for child labor violations.
Greater Fines, More Time
While Hawley has been more hawkish against corporations, narrower proposals to increase civil penalties and give the DOL more time to investigate infractions have been more popular with Republicans.
Legislation from Sens. Brain Schatz (D-Hawaii) and Todd Young (R-Ind.) would bump civil fines up to as much as $132,270 for a routine child labor violation, and up to $601,150 for those that result in death or serious injury of a minor. It would also create criminal penalties for repeated and serious offenders, and allow the victim children to pursue punitive and compensatory damages in court of up to $250,000.
The only bipartisan child labor bill in the House—introduced by Reps. Hillary Scholten (D-Mich.) and Nancy Mace (R-S.C.)—would similarly raise civil penalties.
A different approach in the Senate would expand the window for the DOL to halt goods made by illegal child labor from 30 to 90 days, beefing up the DOL’s “hot goods” enforcement tool under the FLSA. The provision allows the labor agency to prevent a business from shipping products made in plants where children worked illegally.
The bill—authored by Republican Sens. Marco Rubio (Fla.) and Marshall along with Democratic Sens. John Hickenlooper (Colo.) and Alex Padilla (Calif.)—would also require the DOL to provide Congress with detailed reports of child labor activity that also would have policy recommendations.
Border Security Issue
Republicans have often tied the rise in child labor to issues on the southern US border, claiming the administration is failing to contain migrants which is ultimately resulting in child trafficking and minors working illegally.
“I just see so many young adults, so many kids coming across the border that they would be the easy victims,” Marshall said. “Their parents don’t know better, most likely they don’t even have their parents with them.”
President Joe Biden has also drawn a connection between border security and the rise in child labor. In his recent supplemental appropriations request to Congress, the president asked for $100 million to the DOL to tackle the child labor wave under the border security section.
Any reforms to child labor laws may have to go along with border policy changes for some Republicans, particularly in the House.
The Committee on Education and the Workforce’s Chairwoman Virginia Foxx (R-N.C.) has indicated the GOP’s main border security bill could serve as a legislative solution to the current child labor crisis. The bill passed the House but is very unlikely to pass the Democratic-controlled Senate.
The packed agenda for Congress in the next several months also presents some challenges. The government’s next funding deadline is Nov. 17 and national security priorities with the wars in Israel and Ukraine have taken much of lawmakers’ attention, holding up most of the other policy proposals.
“This is a place that between all these ‘must pass’ bills that are eating up floor time, and hundreds and hundreds of nominations—that seems to be all that we’re doing,” Rubio said.
SDGs, Targets, and Indicators
| SDGs | Targets | Indicators |
|---|---|---|
| SDG 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth | Target 8.7: Take immediate and effective measures to eradicate forced labor, end modern slavery and human trafficking, and secure the prohibition and elimination of the worst forms of child labor, including recruitment and use of child soldiers, and by 2025 end child labor in all its forms. | – Increase in child labor violations – Increase in penalties for child labor infractions – Increase in funding for enforcement of child labor laws – Increase in civil fines for child labor violations – Expansion of liability chain for businesses with illegal child labor in their supply chains – Increase in the number of companies disclosing child labor infractions – Preparation of a list of companies ineligible for federal contracts based on child labor violations – Increase in the window for halting goods made by illegal child labor – Detailed reports of child labor activity with policy recommendations |
| SDG 16: Peace, Justice, and Strong Institutions | Target 16.2: End abuse, exploitation, trafficking, and all forms of violence against and torture of children. | – Eradication of child labor violations – Prevention of child trafficking and exploitation |
1. Which SDGs are addressed or connected to the issues highlighted in the article?
SDG 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth
The article addresses the issue of child labor violations and the need for measures to eradicate child labor. SDG 8 focuses on promoting sustained, inclusive, and sustainable economic growth, full and productive employment, and decent work for all. It specifically includes a target to eradicate forced labor, end modern slavery, and secure the prohibition and elimination of the worst forms of child labor.
2. What specific targets under those SDGs can be identified based on the article’s content?
Target 8.7: Take immediate and effective measures to eradicate forced labor, end modern slavery and human trafficking, and secure the prohibition and elimination of the worst forms of child labor, including recruitment and use of child soldiers, and by 2025 end child labor in all its forms.
The article highlights the need for measures to address child labor violations and proposes various bills to tackle the issue. These bills aim to raise penalties for child labor infractions, give the Department of Labor (DOL) more time to halt goods made by illegal child labor, expand the liability chain for businesses with illegal child labor in their supply chains, and increase civil fines for child labor violations. These targets align with Target 8.7 of SDG 8.
3. Are there any indicators mentioned or implied in the article that can be used to measure progress towards the identified targets?
The article mentions several indicators that can be used to measure progress towards the identified targets:
- Increase in child labor violations: The article states that there has been a near 50% increase in children working illegally in the US in 2023.
- Increase in penalties for child labor infractions: The article mentions bills that aim to raise penalties for child labor infractions.
- Increase in funding for enforcement of child labor laws: The article highlights the need for more funding for the Department of Labor to effectively crack down on child labor violations.
- Increase in civil fines for child labor violations: The article mentions bills that propose increasing civil fines for child labor violations.
- Expansion of liability chain for businesses with illegal child labor in their supply chains: The article discusses the need to hold contractors and subcontractors liable for child labor violations.
- Increase in the number of companies disclosing child labor infractions: The article mentions bipartisan legislation that would require companies competing for federal contracts to disclose child labor infractions.
- Preparation of a list of companies ineligible for federal contracts based on child labor violations: The article mentions a bill that would require the labor secretary to prepare such a list.
- Increase in the window for halting goods made by illegal child labor: The article discusses a bill that would expand the window for the Department of Labor to halt goods made by illegal child labor.
- Detailed reports of child labor activity with policy recommendations: The article mentions a bill that would require the Department of Labor to provide Congress with such reports.
4. Table: SDGs, Targets, and Indicators
| SDGs | Targets | Indicators |
|---|---|---|
| SDG 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth | Target 8.7: Take immediate and effective measures to eradicate forced labor, end modern slavery and human trafficking, and secure the prohibition and elimination of the worst forms of child labor, including recruitment and use of child soldiers, and by 2025 end child labor in all its forms. |
|
| SDG 16: Peace, Justice, and Strong Institutions | Target 16.2: End abuse, exploitation, trafficking, and all forms of violence against and torture of children. |
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Source: news.bloomberglaw.com
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