Building a Resilient Water Supply System in Indonesia: Institutionalizing disaster risk reduction in water supply infrastructure management – Indonesia

Attachments

AT A GLANCE

Country: Indonesia

Risks: Multi-Hazard

Area of Engagement: Promoting resilient infrastructure

GFDRR partnered with an educational institution in Indonesia to bolster the capacity of the country’s water utility operators — shaping training modules that are now integrated into the curriculum and ensuring the sector’s long-term resilience and sustainability.

POPULATION AND ENVIRONMENTAL CHALLENGES THREATEN SUSTAINABLE WATER SUPPLY

Rapid urban growth in Indonesia has surpassed the expansion of the country’s water supply infrastructure and has led to challenges in meeting the increasing demand for clean water in urban areas. As local water utilities grapple to provide sufficient coverage, the significant gap between capacity and demand becomes starker. Land-use changes, deforestation, pollution, and excessive groundwater extraction further exacerbate the vulnerability of many areas to flooding and drought. Climate change and natural disasters compound the challenges, threatening the security and sustainability of water resources. Local water utilities will need to confront the dual challenge of mitigating climate and natural disaster risks while enhancing their internal management systems.

MAINSTREAMING DISASTER RESILIENCE INTO WATER SUPPLY INFRASTRUCTURE

The Global Facility for Disaster Reduction and Recovery (GFDRR) aimed to strengthen the awareness and capacity of water supply service providers in Indonesia by enabling them to develop comprehensive disaster risk management and climate change adaptation plans for water supply infrastructure. The primary focus was on addressing seismic and hydro-meteorological risks such as floods, droughts, and landslides. By equipping providers with essential skills and knowledge, GFDRR supported Indonesia in implementing effective mitigation and response strategies, ensuring the longterm resilience and sustainability of water supply systems in the face of these hazards.

GFDRR collaborated with the Akademi Teknik Tirta Wiyata (AKATIRTA), a higher education institution that trains environmental engineering professionals in water supply and sanitation, to enhance AKATIRTA’s capacity in delivering training programs. The funding provided by GFDRR enabled the World Bank’s technical teams to conduct a comprehensive report that specifically targets urban water supply planning and management practices that enhance resilience to geophysical and climate-related hazards.

The resulting report features three case studies — Magelang City, Bantul District, and Makassar City — of local water supply providers across Indonesia. The case studies investigated water utility providers’ prevailing management challenges and their level of ability to effectively address climate change and disaster risk issues. The studies delved into each provider’s understanding of climate change and natural disaster risks, their disaster mitigation strategies, the gaps and limitations in their operations, and the essential requirements for capacity enhancement and technical assistance.

The report also lays out systematic procedures for risk-based system planning and effective engineering solutions. AKATIRTA — along with selected government institutions, water utility providers, and development partners working in the sector — provided feedback through a series of knowledge sharing workshops and ensured the practicality and applicability of the report’s recommendations.

The insights from the report played a pivotal role in shaping the development of comprehensive training modules that are now integrated into AKATIRTA’s academic curriculum.

These modules also emphasized the importance of social inclusion, ensuring that the diverse perspectives of different communities are incorporated into the training. As a result,
AKATIRTA graduates working in water utilities now possess enhanced knowledge of disaster risk management and climate adaptation, enabling them to incorporate these vital principles into their day-to-day operations.

AKATIRTA also successfully utilized the modules to provide training to water utilities, resulting in at least three utilities implementing these modules. This adoption has equipped these water utility providers with the knowledge and tools to effectively curb the impact of disaster and climate risks within their respective operations.

Previous assessments of Indonesia’s water supply sector have primarily focused on challenges related to governance and utility management. These challenges encompass issues such as insufficient system coverage, operational weaknesses, and financial constraints. However, it is crucial to acknowledge that the water supply sector encounters additional complexities beyond these factors.

Partnerships with AKATIRTA, the Ministry of Public Works and Housing’s Directorate for Drinking Water Supply Development, and other stakeholders have been instrumental in achieving positive outcomes. With support from both GFDRR and the World Bank, in conjunction with local expertise and collaborative efforts, Indonesia’s capacity to address disaster and climate risks in water supply infrastructure has been strengthened. Ultimately, these initiatives contribute to a more resilient and sustainable water sector in the country.

SDGs, Targets, and Indicators in the Article

1. SDG 6: Clean Water and Sanitation

   • Target 6.1: By 2030, achieve universal and equitable access to safe and affordable drinking water for all.
   • Target 6.4: By 2030, substantially increase water-use efficiency across all sectors and ensure sustainable withdrawals and supply of freshwater to address water scarcity.
   • Indicator 6.1.1: Proportion of population using safely managed drinking water services.
   • Indicator 6.4.1: Change in water-use efficiency over time.

2. SDG 11: Sustainable Cities and Communities

   • Target 11.5: By 2030, significantly reduce the number of deaths and the number of people affected and substantially decrease the direct economic losses relative to global gross domestic product caused by disasters, including water-related disasters, with a focus on protecting the poor and people in vulnerable situations.
   • Indicator 11.5.1: Number of deaths, missing persons, and directly affected persons attributed to disasters per 100,000 population.

3. SDG 13: Climate Action

   • Target 13.1: Strengthen resilience and adaptive capacity to climate-related hazards and natural disasters in all countries.
   • Indicator 13.1.1: Number of deaths, missing persons, and directly affected persons attributed to disasters per 100,000 population.

Analysis

1. The issues highlighted in the article are connected to SDG 6 (Clean Water and Sanitation), SDG 11 (Sustainable Cities and Communities), and SDG 13 (Climate Action).

2. The specific targets under these SDGs that can be identified based on the article’s content are:

• Target 6.1: Achieving universal and equitable access to safe and affordable drinking water for all.
• Target 6.4: Increasing water-use efficiency and ensuring sustainable withdrawals and supply of freshwater to address water scarcity.
• Target 11.5: Reducing the number of deaths, people affected, and economic losses caused by disasters, including water-related disasters.
• Target 13.1: Strengthening resilience and adaptive capacity to climate-related hazards and natural disasters.

3. The indicators mentioned or implied in the article that can be used to measure progress towards the identified targets are:

• Indicator 6.1.1: Proportion of population using safely managed drinking water services.
• Indicator 6.4.1: Change in water-use efficiency over time.
• Indicator 11.5.1: Number of deaths, missing persons, and directly affected persons attributed to disasters per 100,000 population.
• Indicator 13.1.1: Number of deaths, missing persons, and directly affected persons attributed to disasters per 100,000 population.

Table: SDGs, Targets, and Indicators

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Fuente: reliefweb.int

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