EU: Air pollution killed hundreds of thousands in 2021

Air Quality in Europe Falls Short of WHO Recommendations

A recent report published by the European Environment Agency reveals that air quality in Europe still does not meet the recommendations set by the World Health Organization (WHO). The report highlights three main pollutants – fine particulate matter, ozone, and nitrogen dioxide – which have caused hundreds of thousands of premature deaths in the EU in 2021 alone.

European Commissioner for Environment, Oceans and Fisheries, Virginijus Sinkevicius, emphasized that air pollution remains the number one environmental health problem in the EU.

Poland, Italy, and Germany Experience High Mortality Rates due to Fine Particulate Matter

The report identifies fine particulate matter as the leading cause of deaths, with 253,000 attributed fatalities. These small particles are primarily generated by gas-powered cars and coal-operated power plants, and they can enter the respiratory tract, increasing the risk of lung disease. Additionally, they contribute to heart disease, strokes, and diabetes. Poland recorded the highest number of deaths related to fine particulate matter (47,300), followed by Italy (46,800) and Germany (32,300).

Air Quality ‘Improving’ but Still a Serious Problem

The report indicates that deaths caused by this type of pollution have decreased by 41% since 2005. However, the numbers from 2021 demonstrate that air pollution remains a significant concern. European experts acknowledge that clean air policies have been effective in improving air quality but stress the need for further action. European Commissioner Sinkevicius urges the EU to swiftly adopt and implement legislation to align air quality with WHO standards.

Nitrogen Dioxide and Ozone Contribute to Mortality Rates

In addition to fine particulate matter, nitrogen dioxide and short-term ozone pollution also contribute to premature deaths in the EU. Nitrogen dioxide, primarily produced by transportation, can harm lung health and increase the risk of diabetes. Short-term ozone pollution can impair breathing, worsen lung diseases like asthma, and cause inflammation and damage to the airways. In total, nitrogen dioxide claimed 52,000 lives across the EU, while short-term ozone pollution was responsible for 22,000 deaths.

Air Pollution’s Impact on Sustainable Development Goals

The issue of air pollution directly relates to several Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) set by the United Nations. SDG 3 focuses on ensuring healthy lives and promoting well-being for all at all ages. Air pollution poses a significant health burden for individuals living with respiratory and cardiovascular diseases, hindering progress towards this goal. Additionally, SDG 11 aims to make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient, and sustainable. Improving air quality is crucial for creating sustainable urban environments where people can thrive.

Efforts to combat air pollution align with SDG 13, which addresses climate action. Reducing pollutant emissions from transportation and power generation contributes to mitigating climate change and its adverse effects. Furthermore, SDG 17 emphasizes the importance of partnerships for achieving sustainable development. Collaboration between governments, organizations, and communities is essential in implementing effective policies and measures to tackle air pollution.

Overall, addressing air pollution is vital for achieving multiple SDGs and ensuring a healthier and more sustainable future for all.

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